Terb
65
Tb
Grupa
Nie dotyczy
Okres
6
Blok
f
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
65
65
94
Ogólne właściwości
Liczba atomowa
65
Masa atomowa
158,92535
Liczba masowa
159
Kategoria
Lantanowce
Kolor
Srebrny
Radioaktywny
Nie
Terbium was named after Ytterby, a town in Sweden
Układ krystalograficzny
Sześciokąt prosty
Historia
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Elektrony na poszczególnych powłokach
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Konfiguracja elektronowa
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Terbium is soft enough to be cut with a knife
Właściwości fizyczne
Stan skupienia
Ciało stałe
Gęstość
8,229 g/cm3
Temperatura topnienia
1629,15 K | 1356 °C | 2472,8 °F
Temperatura wrzenia
3503,15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
Ciepło topnienia
10,8 kJ/mol
Ciepło parowania
295 kJ/mol
Ciepło właściwe
0,182 J/g·K
Ilość w skorupie Ziemi
0,000093%
Ilość we Wszechświecie
5×10-8%
Numer CAS
7440-27-9
Numer CID PubChem
23958
Właściwości atomowe
Promień atomowy
177 pm
Promień walencyjny
194 pm
Elektroujemność
1,2 (Skali Paulinga)
Energia jonizacji
5,8638 eV
Objętość molowa
19,20 cm3/mol
Przewodność cieplna
0,111 W/cm·K
Stopnie utlenienia
1, 3, 4
Zastosowania
Terbium is used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
Terbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Izotopy
Stabilne izotopy
159TbNiestabilne izotopy
136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb