Promet
61
Pm
Grupa
Nie dotyczy
Okres
6
Blok
f
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
61
61
84
Ogólne właściwości
Liczba atomowa
61
Masa atomowa
[145]
Liczba masowa
145
Kategoria
Lantanowce
Kolor
Srebrny
Radioaktywny
Tak
Named after the Greek Prometheus, who, according to mythology, stole fire from heaven
Układ krystalograficzny
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Historia
The existence of an element between neodymium and samarium was first predicted by Czech chemist Bohuslav Brauner in 1902.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Elektrony na poszczególnych powłokach
2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
Konfiguracja elektronowa
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Promethium is the only lanthanide that has no stable isotopes
Właściwości fizyczne
Stan skupienia
Ciało stałe
Gęstość
7,26 g/cm3
Temperatura topnienia
1315,15 K | 1042 °C | 1907,6 °F
Temperatura wrzenia
3273,15 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F
Ciepło topnienia
7,7 kJ/mol
Ciepło parowania
290 kJ/mol
Ciepło właściwe
-
Ilość w skorupie Ziemi
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Ilość we Wszechświecie
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Opis Obrazu: Wikimedia Commons (Geomartin)
Pitchblende, a uranium ore and the host for most of Earth's promethium
Numer CAS
7440-12-2
Numer CID PubChem
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Właściwości atomowe
Promień atomowy
183 pm
Promień walencyjny
199 pm
Elektroujemność
-
Energia jonizacji
5,582 eV
Objętość molowa
22,39 cm3/mol
Przewodność cieplna
0,179 W/cm·K
Stopnie utlenienia
3
Zastosowania
Promethium is also used in atomic batteries for spacecraft and guided missiles.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Izotopy
Stabilne izotopy
-Niestabilne izotopy
126Pm, 127Pm, 128Pm, 129Pm, 130Pm, 131Pm, 132Pm, 133Pm, 134Pm, 135Pm, 136Pm, 137Pm, 138Pm, 139Pm, 140Pm, 141Pm, 142Pm, 143Pm, 144Pm, 145Pm, 146Pm, 147Pm, 148Pm, 149Pm, 150Pm, 151Pm, 152Pm, 153Pm, 154Pm, 155Pm, 156Pm, 157Pm, 158Pm, 159Pm, 160Pm, 161Pm, 162Pm, 163Pm