Mangan
25
Mn
Grupa
7
Okres
4
Blok
d
Protony
Elektrony
Neutrony
25
25
30
Ogólne właściwości
Liczba atomowa
25
Masa atomowa
54,938045
Liczba masowa
55
Kategoria
Metale przejściowe
Kolor
Srebrny
Radioaktywny
Nie
From the Latin word magnes, magnet, from magnetic properties of pyrolusite
Układ krystalograficzny
Przestrzenny wyśrodkowany sześcienny
Historia
By the mid-18th century, Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele had used pyrolusite to produce chlorine.
Scheele and others were aware that pyrolusite contained a new element, but they were not able to isolate it.
Johan Gottlieb Gahn was the first to isolate an impure sample of manganese metal in 1774, by reducing the dioxide with carbon.
Scheele and others were aware that pyrolusite contained a new element, but they were not able to isolate it.
Johan Gottlieb Gahn was the first to isolate an impure sample of manganese metal in 1774, by reducing the dioxide with carbon.
Elektrony na poszczególnych powłokach
2, 8, 13, 2
Konfiguracja elektronowa
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
Neanderthals may have used black manganese di oxide as a cosmetic 50,000 years ago
Właściwości fizyczne
Stan skupienia
Ciało stałe
Gęstość
7,44 g/cm3
Temperatura topnienia
1519,15 K | 1246 °C | 2274,8 °F
Temperatura wrzenia
2334,15 K | 2061 °C | 3741,8 °F
Ciepło topnienia
13,2 kJ/mol
Ciepło parowania
220 kJ/mol
Ciepło właściwe
0,479 J/g·K
Ilość w skorupie Ziemi
0,11%
Ilość we Wszechświecie
0,0008%
Numer CAS
7439-96-5
Numer CID PubChem
23930
Właściwości atomowe
Promień atomowy
127 pm
Promień walencyjny
139 pm
Elektroujemność
1,55 (Skali Paulinga)
Energia jonizacji
7,434 eV
Objętość molowa
7,4 cm3/mol
Przewodność cieplna
0,0782 W/cm·K
Stopnie utlenienia
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Zastosowania
For over 2000 years, manganese dioxide has been used to make colorless glass.
Manganese dioxide is used as the cathode material in zinc-carbon and alkaline batteries.
Manganese also functions in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosynthetic plants.
The dioxide is also used in the preparation of oxygen and chlorine and in drying black paints.
Manganese dioxide is used as the cathode material in zinc-carbon and alkaline batteries.
Manganese also functions in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosynthetic plants.
The dioxide is also used in the preparation of oxygen and chlorine and in drying black paints.
Excess manganese, particularly inhalation of the powder, is toxic
Izotopy
Stabilne izotopy
55MnNiestabilne izotopy
44Mn, 45Mn, 46Mn, 47Mn, 48Mn, 49Mn, 50Mn, 51Mn, 52Mn, 53Mn, 54Mn, 56Mn, 57Mn, 58Mn, 59Mn, 60Mn, 61Mn, 62Mn, 63Mn, 64Mn, 65Mn, 66Mn, 67Mn, 68Mn, 69Mn